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The Escudo: The Portuguese currency unit 1911-2001

Nuno Valério

History of the development of the escudo, the Portuguese monetary unit in circulation from 1911 to 2001, its characteristics, and the underlying political, economic and financial background. 

This publication, in bilingual edition, is supplemented by 5 statistical attachments relating to money supply, interest rates, price indices, exchange rates and macro-economic variables. It also includes a list of the Presidents of the Republic, Heads of State, Finance Ministers and Governors of the Banco de Portugal. 

This work was illustrated with images of all banknotes and coins circulating during that period, of the Governors of the Banco de Portugal and of several Finance Ministers.

Illustrated 

Bilingual edition 

Published in 2001